Retractions
Retraction removes a paper from the trusted record while leaving a public notice so readers understand what happened.
When a paper must be withdrawn
A retraction is issued when the findings are unreliable (honest error or misconduct), the article is plagiarized, it duplicates another publication without acknowledgement, it reports unethical research, or authorship was seriously compromised (for example, identity theft or unauthorized submission).
An expression of concern may be published while an investigation is underway if readers need to be alerted before a final decision.
Who decides
The Editor-in-Chief decides, taking account of the evidence, any institutional investigation, and COPE-aligned practice. Authors may request retraction; the journal may also retract if the authors disagree, when the record would otherwise remain misleading.
Institutions and readers may notify the journal. Contact editor@ijegsi.org.
What happens to the article
A retraction notice states who is retracting the article, the reason, and whether the authors agree. The original article remains accessible and is clearly marked as retracted so the scholarly record is not silently erased. The DOI is not deleted.
If a paper is retracted for plagiarism or other misconduct, the article processing charge is not refunded, including after publication. This is also stated in the copyright transfer terms.